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rB dd ZFY nX dekrXejd dd ZGeG Z6[GdddZHe d kZIejd eIrdd ZJeBe6jKeJeLeJeLeDeFZM[JdddZNejd dd ZOeO \ZPZQ[Oe drHe d rHe drHdZRd_ ZSZTejdddg dd ZUdd ZVdd ZWdd ZXdd ZYejddddg e drpdd ZZdd Z[ejddg e drdd Z\dd Z]ejddg dddZ^G dd dZ_dd Z`dd Zae dseaZbdeb_cG dd dejdZedS )aN OS routines for NT or Posix depending on what system we're on.
This exports:
- all functions from posix or nt, e.g. unlink, stat, etc.
- os.path is either posixpath or ntpath
- os.name is either 'posix' or 'nt'
- os.curdir is a string representing the current directory (always '.')
- os.pardir is a string representing the parent directory (always '..')
- os.sep is the (or a most common) pathname separator ('/' or '\\')
- os.extsep is the extension separator (always '.')
- os.altsep is the alternate pathname separator (None or '/')
- os.pathsep is the component separator used in $PATH etc
- os.linesep is the line separator in text files ('\r' or '\n' or '\r\n')
- os.defpath is the default search path for executables
- os.devnull is the file path of the null device ('/dev/null', etc.)
Programs that import and use 'os' stand a better chance of being
portable between different platforms. Of course, they must then
only use functions that are defined by all platforms (e.g., unlink
and opendir), and leave all pathname manipulation to os.path
(e.g., split and join).
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HAVE_FCHMODATchmod
HAVE_FCHOWNATchown HAVE_FSTATATstatHAVE_FUTIMESATutime HAVE_LINKATlink HAVE_MKDIRATmkdir
HAVE_MKFIFOATmkfifo HAVE_MKNODATmknod HAVE_OPENATopenHAVE_READLINKATreadlink
HAVE_RENAMEATrenameHAVE_SYMLINKATsymlink
HAVE_UNLINKATunlinkrmdirHAVE_UTIMENSAT HAVE_FCHDIRchdir HAVE_FCHMOD HAVE_FCHOWNHAVE_FDOPENDIRlistdir HAVE_FEXECVEexecveHAVE_FTRUNCATEtruncate
HAVE_FUTIMENS HAVE_FUTIMESHAVE_FPATHCONFpathconfstatvfsfstatvfs
HAVE_FSTATVFS
HAVE_LCHFLAGSZchflags HAVE_LCHMODlchown HAVE_LCHOWN HAVE_LUTIMES
HAVE_LSTATZ
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rX Y nX t}t|trrttd}||kr~dS yt| | W n( t k
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| r Y nX dS )a makedirs(name [, mode=0o777][, exist_ok=False])
Super-mkdir; create a leaf directory and all intermediate ones. Works like
mkdir, except that any intermediate path segment (not just the rightmost)
will be created if it does not exist. If the target directory already
exists, raise an OSError if exist_ok is False. Otherwise no exception is
raised. This is recursive.
ASCIIN) r
splitexistsmakedirsFileExistsErrorr
isinstancebytesr< OSErrorisdir)r modeexist_okheadtailcdirr r r rj s$
rj c C sl t | tj| \}}|s(tj|\}}x>|rf|rfy t | W n tk
rT P Y nX tj|\}}q*W dS )a removedirs(name)
Super-rmdir; remove a leaf directory and all empty intermediate
ones. Works like rmdir except that, if the leaf directory is
successfully removed, directories corresponding to rightmost path
segments will be pruned away until either the whole path is
consumed or an error occurs. Errors during this latter phase are
ignored -- they generally mean that a directory was not empty.
N)rK r
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removedirs s
ru c C sp t j|\}}|r*|r*t j| r*t| t| | t j| \}}|rl|rly t| W n tk
rj Y nX dS )a< renames(old, new)
Super-rename; create directories as necessary and delete any left
empty. Works like rename, except creation of any intermediate
directories needed to make the new pathname good is attempted
first. After the rename, directories corresponding to rightmost
path segments of the old name will be pruned until either the
whole path is consumed or a nonempty directory is found.
Note: this function can fail with the new directory structure made
if you lack permissions needed to unlink the leaf directory or
file.
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| rt ||||E dH qW n0x"|D ]}t ||||E dH qW | ||fV dS )a
Directory tree generator.
For each directory in the directory tree rooted at top (including top
itself, but excluding '.' and '..'), yields a 3-tuple
dirpath, dirnames, filenames
dirpath is a string, the path to the directory. dirnames is a list of
the names of the subdirectories in dirpath (excluding '.' and '..').
filenames is a list of the names of the non-directory files in dirpath.
Note that the names in the lists are just names, with no path components.
To get a full path (which begins with top) to a file or directory in
dirpath, do os.path.join(dirpath, name).
If optional arg 'topdown' is true or not specified, the triple for a
directory is generated before the triples for any of its subdirectories
(directories are generated top down). If topdown is false, the triple
for a directory is generated after the triples for all of its
subdirectories (directories are generated bottom up).
When topdown is true, the caller can modify the dirnames list in-place
(e.g., via del or slice assignment), and walk will only recurse into the
subdirectories whose names remain in dirnames; this can be used to prune the
search, or to impose a specific order of visiting. Modifying dirnames when
topdown is false is ineffective, since the directories in dirnames have
already been generated by the time dirnames itself is generated. No matter
the value of topdown, the list of subdirectories is retrieved before the
tuples for the directory and its subdirectories are generated.
By default errors from the os.scandir() call are ignored. If
optional arg 'onerror' is specified, it should be a function; it
will be called with one argument, an OSError instance. It can
report the error to continue with the walk, or raise the exception
to abort the walk. Note that the filename is available as the
filename attribute of the exception object.
By default, os.walk does not follow symbolic links to subdirectories on
systems that support them. In order to get this functionality, set the
optional argument 'followlinks' to true.
Caution: if you pass a relative pathname for top, don't change the
current working directory between resumptions of walk. walk never
changes the current directory, and assumes that the client doesn't
either.
Example:
import os
from os.path import join, getsize
for root, dirs, files in os.walk('python/Lib/email'):
print(root, "consumes", end="")
print(sum([getsize(join(root, name)) for name in files]), end="")
print("bytes in", len(files), "non-directory files")
if 'CVS' in dirs:
dirs.remove('CVS') # don't visit CVS directories
NFT)
fspathscandirrn next
StopIterationis_dirappendr
is_symlinkr
islinkjoinwalk)toptopdownonerror followlinksdirsnondirs walk_dirs
scandir_iterrorentryr} walk_intor r r dirnamenew_pathr r r r s` :
r .)follow_symlinksdir_fdc c s t | t st| d r t| } t| d|d}t| t|d}z:|s^tj|j rtt
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| X dS )a Directory tree generator.
This behaves exactly like walk(), except that it yields a 4-tuple
dirpath, dirnames, filenames, dirfd
`dirpath`, `dirnames` and `filenames` are identical to walk() output,
and `dirfd` is a file descriptor referring to the directory `dirpath`.
The advantage of fwalk() over walk() is that it's safe against symlink
races (when follow_symlinks is False).
If dir_fd is not None, it should be a file descriptor open to a directory,
and top should be relative; top will then be relative to that directory.
(dir_fd is always supported for fwalk.)
Caution:
Since fwalk() yields file descriptors, those are only valid until the
next iteration step, so you should dup() them if you want to keep them
for a longer period.
Example:
import os
for root, dirs, files, rootfd in os.fwalk('python/Lib/email'):
print(root, "consumes", end="")
print(sum([os.stat(name, dir_fd=rootfd).st_size for name in files]),
end="")
print("bytes in", len(files), "non-directory files")
if 'CVS' in dirs:
dirs.remove('CVS') # don't visit CVS directories
__index__F)r r )r N)rl inthasattrry r6 rB O_RDONLYstS_ISDIRst_moder
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r c G s t | | dS )zpexecl(file, *args)
Execute the executable file with argument list args, replacing the
current process. N)execv)fileargsr r r execl
s r c G s |d }t | |dd | dS )zexecle(file, *args, env)
Execute the executable file with argument list args and
environment env, replacing the current process. rd Nr )rT )r r envr r r execle s r c G s t | | dS )zexeclp(file, *args)
Execute the executable file (which is searched for along $PATH)
with argument list args, replacing the current process. N)execvp)r r r r r execlp s r c G s |d }t | |dd | dS )zexeclpe(file, *args, env)
Execute the executable file (which is searched for along $PATH)
with argument list args and environment env, replacing the current
process. rd Nr r )execvpe)r r r r r r execlpe s r c C s t | | dS )zexecvp(file, args)
Execute the executable file (which is searched for along $PATH)
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args may be a list or tuple of strings. N)_execvpe)r r r r r r ) s r c C s t | || dS )zexecvpe(file, args, env)
Execute the executable file (which is searched for along $PATH)
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*env* must be an environment variable dict or None. If *env* is None,
os.environ will be used.
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z_Environ.__getitem__c C s. | j |}| j|}| j|| || j|< d S )N)r r r r )r r r r r r __setitem__ s
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t | jS )N)lenr )r r r r __len__ s z_Environ.__len__c s$ dj dj fdd jj D S )Nzenviron({{{}}})z, c 3 s* | ]"\}}d j j| j|V qdS )z
{!r}: {!r}N)formatr r )r r r )r r r <genexpr> s z$_Environ.__repr__.<locals>.<genexpr>)r r r items)r r )r r __repr__ s
z_Environ.__repr__c C s t | S )N)dict)r r r r copy s z
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setdefault s z_Environ.setdefaultN) __name__
__module__ __qualname__r r r r r r r r r r r r r r s r c C s d S )Nr )r r r r r <lambda> s r r c C s
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Nr( c S s t | ts tdt| j | S )Nzstr expected, not %s)rl r, r typer )r r r r check_str s
z!_createenviron.<locals>.check_strc s | j S )N)upper)r )encoder r r s z!_createenviron.<locals>.encodekeyc s( t | ts tdt| j | j dS )Nzstr expected, not %ssurrogateescape)rl r, r r r r )r )encodingr r r s
z _createenviron.<locals>.encodec s | j dS )Nr )decode)r )r r r r s z _createenviron.<locals>.decode) r r, r r r getfilesystemencodingr r _unsetenv)r r r r r r r )r r r _createenviron s" r c C s t j| |S )zGet an environment variable, return None if it doesn't exist.
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key, default and the result are str.)r r )r defaultr r r getenv s r r c C s t | ts tdt| j | S )Nzbytes expected, not %s)rl rm r r r )r r r r _check_bytes s
r c C s t j| |S )zGet an environment variable, return None if it doesn't exist.
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key, default and the result are bytes.)environbr )r r r r r getenvb s r r c s4 t j t j fdd} fdd}| |fS )Nc s& t | } t| tr | j S | S dS )a Encode filename (an os.PathLike, bytes, or str) to the filesystem
encoding with 'surrogateescape' error handler, return bytes unchanged.
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N)ry rl r, r )filename)r errorsr r r s
z_fscodec.<locals>.fsencodec s& t | } t| tr | j S | S dS )a Decode filename (an os.PathLike, bytes, or str) from the filesystem
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'mbcs' (which is the default encoding).
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r c C s t | ||dtS )a spawnv(mode, file, args) -> integer
Execute file with arguments from args in a subprocess.
If mode == P_NOWAIT return the pid of the process.
If mode == P_WAIT return the process's exit code if it exits normally;
otherwise return -SIG, where SIG is the signal that killed it. N)r r )rp r r r r r r b s c C s t | |||tS )a: spawnve(mode, file, args, env) -> integer
Execute file with arguments from args in a subprocess with the
specified environment.
If mode == P_NOWAIT return the pid of the process.
If mode == P_WAIT return the process's exit code if it exits normally;
otherwise return -SIG, where SIG is the signal that killed it. )r rT )rp r r r r r r spawnvek s r c C s t | ||dtS )a8 spawnvp(mode, file, args) -> integer
Execute file (which is looked for along $PATH) with arguments from
args in a subprocess.
If mode == P_NOWAIT return the pid of the process.
If mode == P_WAIT return the process's exit code if it exits normally;
otherwise return -SIG, where SIG is the signal that killed it. N)r r )rp r r r r r spawnvpw s r c C s t | |||tS )a\ spawnvpe(mode, file, args, env) -> integer
Execute file (which is looked for along $PATH) with arguments from
args in a subprocess with the supplied environment.
If mode == P_NOWAIT return the pid of the process.
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otherwise return -SIG, where SIG is the signal that killed it. )r r )rp r r r r r r spawnvpe s r c G s t | ||S )a spawnl(mode, file, *args) -> integer
Execute file with arguments from args in a subprocess.
If mode == P_NOWAIT return the pid of the process.
If mode == P_WAIT return the process's exit code if it exits normally;
otherwise return -SIG, where SIG is the signal that killed it. )r )rp r r r r r spawnl s r c G s |d }t | ||dd |S )a: spawnle(mode, file, *args, env) -> integer
Execute file with arguments from args in a subprocess with the
supplied environment.
If mode == P_NOWAIT return the pid of the process.
If mode == P_WAIT return the process's exit code if it exits normally;
otherwise return -SIG, where SIG is the signal that killed it. rd Nr r )r )rp r r r r r r spawnle s r c G s t | ||S )aW spawnlp(mode, file, *args) -> integer
Execute file (which is looked for along $PATH) with arguments from
args in a subprocess with the supplied environment.
If mode == P_NOWAIT return the pid of the process.
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otherwise return -SIG, where SIG is the signal that killed it. )r )rp r r r r r spawnlp s r c G s |d }t | ||dd |S )a] spawnlpe(mode, file, *args, env) -> integer
Execute file (which is looked for along $PATH) with arguments from
args in a subprocess with the supplied environment.
If mode == P_NOWAIT return the pid of the process.
If mode == P_WAIT return the process's exit code if it exits normally;
otherwise return -SIG, where SIG is the signal that killed it. rd Nr r )r )rp r r r r r r spawnlpe s r rc C s t | tstdt| |d
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t | jS )N)iterr- )r r r r r s z_wrap_close.__iter__N) r r r r r r3 r4 r6 r r r r r r( s r( c O s4 t | tstdt| dd l}|j| f||S )Nz&invalid fd type (%s, expected integer)r )rl r r r r% rB )fdr kwargsr% r r r r s
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rX t|drF ntd|j Y nX t |ttfrl|S tdj |jt|jdS )aa Return the path representation of a path-like object.
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r= ry c @ s* e Zd ZdZejdd Zedd ZdS )PathLikezCAbstract base class for implementing the file system path protocol.c C s t dS )z9Return the file system path representation of the object.N)NotImplementedError)r r r r r: & s zPathLike.__fspath__c C s
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